The vast permafrost areas that span the northern polar regions have actually absorbed more carbon than they have released, scientists say
scenarios, stoking fears that warming temperatures will release catastrophic new quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.
A warming Arctic has hastened the beginning of that annual reawakening, and brought what University of Montana climate and remote sensing scholar John Kimball calls “an earlier green wave” that, in tundra areas, is producing more woody vegetation cover than before. And those plants, as they surge to life, are storing enough carbon to alter the high-latitude balance.
The Geological Survey of Canada studies permafrost thaw and the eroding coastline in the Beaufort Sea, N.W.T.The High Arctic is warming at a rate three times the global average, and it’s not clear how long the tundra will continue to serve as a carbon sink. Climate change has already brought striking changes that include the rapid draining of far northern lakes, greater rainfall and expanding formations of talik, or unfrozen areas in the permafrost.
Research by other scholars shows that the current climate trajectory is likely to result in release of carbon emissions from permafrost equivalent to between five and 10 per cent of current human-caused emissions, said David Olefeldt, a University of Alberta scholar who studies carbon cycles in boreal and Arctic landscapes. Estimates suggest the emissions could exceed that of a large industrialized country such as Germany.
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